The Bible is full of prophecies about the endtime conditions of people’s pocketbooks. Many of today’s financial and economic developments that we observe would already broadly qualify as future fulfillment of these prophecies. For example, Scripture clearly speaks of a last day globalization of the world’s economies, its geopolitical convergence, and the related temptations it poses for believers. A major manifestation of this threat is what we have come to call the “Endtime Money Snare.”

An intensive commercialization of the world occurs in the last days. Most prominently, this is seen in Revelation 17—18. Crucially, the Old Testament also shows foreshadows of this future unfolding condition. A major one is found in the Bible’s account of the city of Tyre. Satan himself, the fallen angel, is shown to inhabit Tyre’s trading prowess and wealth.

Interestingly, many prophecies are found in the Bible that apply to this ancient commercial trading juggernaut of its day. For example, it would be destroyed, but then again is to rise for a time. Yet, when will this happen? Just who or what is this revived Tyre? There is a strong case to be made that the spirit of Tyre is the very same spirit that inhabits the trading colossus of the end times, Babylon the Great.

 

The Modern Day Prophetic Type of Tyre

The Bible’s account of Tyre’s reign and fall makes for a convincing parallel to the accounts of Babylon the “great city” shown in Revelation. Some background on ancient Tyre therefore would be helpful. Who was Tyre? It was a Phoenician trading port on the shores of the Mediterranean, north of Israel. At its prime (700 to 600 BC), it was the most powerful and prosperous sea-trading nation of its time, with prominent colonies in Cyprus and around the Mediterranean.

An extensive account of its enormous economic clout is given in Ezekiel 26:1-21. It was an extremely rich nation—“By your great skill in trading you have increased your wealth,” Ezekiel tells us in chapter 28, verse 5.

They were the masters of trade … in fact, dishonest trade, according to Ezekiel 28:18. Associated with Sidon, another Phoenician city in the Levant, outposts of its trading empire included Carthage and Tarshish (believed to be on the eastern coast of modern-day Spain). In 332 BC, already reduced to an island city, Tyre was finally and permanently destroyed by Alexander the Great, fulfilling Ezekiel’s prophecies that she would become “a bare rock … a place to spread fishnets” (Ezekiel 26:4-5, 14). But, that would not be the end of Tyre … at least not for the spirit of Tyre.

The Biblical accounts of Tyre must be seen to be significant. Why? For several reasons. Firstly, there are more prophecies in the Bible about Tyre and its two sister cities, Sidon and Tarshish, than any other nation or city group except Judah and Israel.

Tyre is mentioned prophetically more times than ancient Babylon, Egypt and Assyria … even Rome or the revived Roman Empire. By my count, there are 21 prophecies naming Tyre or her sister cities. Jesus Christ and seven prophets—Ezekiel, Isaiah, Jeremiah, David, Joel, Amos and Zechariah—made prophetic statements about Tyre. Ezekiel himself made a total of eight prophecies against Tyre and its related sister city states.

Why is so much attention given to Tyre in the Bible … both in the Old and New Testament?

There must be a reason. The Bible presents Tyre as an archetype of all nations that put their faith in their economic might and dishonesty (lying particularly). And, this may be the most significant reason: Many of the prophecies concerning Tyre refer to a future fulfillment that is yet to occur.

We count as many as 10 such prophecies. Most certainly, at least seven of these have endtime implications. These speak of the re-emergence of a great materialistic trading system. If Tyre serves as a foreshadowing of the last-day Babylon the Great (which is our view), then we should consider that the major architect behind its rise will be the Spirit of Tyre; namely, Satan himself.

Without a doubt, the, Bible shows that the spirit behind the trading nation of Tyre is Satan:

Son of man, take up a lament concerning the king of Tyre and say to him: ‘This is what the Sovereign LORD says: You were the model of perfection, full of wisdom and perfect in beauty. You were in Eden, the garden of God; […] You were anointed as a guardian cherub, for so I ordained you. You were on the holy mount of God; you walked among the fiery stones. You were blameless in your ways from the day you were created till wickedness was found in you. Through your widespread trade you were filled with violence, and you sinned. So I drove you in disgrace from the mount of God, and I expelled you, O guardian cherub, from among the fiery stones. Your heart became proud on account of your beauty, and you corrupted your wisdom because of your splendor. So I threw you to the earth; I made a spectacle of you before kings. By your many sins and dishonest trade you have desecrated your sanctuaries. […] All the nations who knew you are appalled at you; you have come to a horrible end and will be no more’ (Ezekiel 28:12-19).

These verses we have quoted leave no doubt as to the nature of the spirit behind the ancient rise of Tyre.

Crucially, Bible prophecy tells us that this spirit of Tyre would again rise in the endtimes. Where do we find this prophecy? Isaiah 23:17 says: “At the end of seventy years, the LORD will deal with Tyre. She will return to her hire as a prostitute and will ply her trade with all the kingdoms on the face of the earth.”

The term “seventy years” in this verse figuratively reflects the notion of an era … or a generation. In other words, “after an era,” Tyre would return to her hire as a prostitute (aligning with the prostitute of Revelation 17). This must be yet future, though its precedent developments are clearly already visible in our day. According to history, there is no record of Tyre having revived within 70 literal years to ply trade again with the entire world. That has not happened to this day. Also, it is only after globalization has swept the world that Tyre can trade with “all the kingdoms on the face of the earth.”

Another reason we can know that the re-emergence of the spirit of Tyre will occur in the end times is because of this prophecy: “Yet her profit and her earnings will be set apart for the LORD; they will not be stored up or hoarded. Her profits will go to those who live before the LORD, for abundant food and fine clothes” (Isaiah 23:18). These conditions can only occur once the Millennium takes place.

 

Spirit of Endtime Tyre Here Today

The wicked, demonic spirit behind Tyre returns to the world scene in the last days. In our view, Endtime Tyre has already begun to rise on the world stage, and the Great City of Babylon is its New Testament parallel (Revelation 18). In other words, the Bible’s accounts of Tyre provide a foreshadowing of the last-day Babylon the Great.

Viewing world financial and monetary trends and developments today, the advanced state of globalization, and a great frenetic fixation with wealth and global trade, one cannot be faulted for thinking that the commercial aspects of Babylon the Great City and the ancient spirit of Tyre are already in existence.

Do endtime Tyre and the commercial colossus of Babylon the Great already exist today? In my view, yes. However, that is not to say that prophecies have yet been fully fulfilled. We cannot know Babylon’s exact time of judgment described in Revelation, nor how perverse it may become. But, its dangerous, controlling and deceiving presence has clearly emerged upon the world, erupting in a very short space of time—not much more than two hundred years. Any economic historian would agree that a rapid phenomenon has gripped the world since the late 1700s or so.

A vast commercial colossus now spans the entire earth, the very essence of its driving force being the worship of earthly wealth (materialism). Seen in terms of its underlying motivations and spirit, it is deeply corrupt and violent—based on deceitful trading and lying (see Zechariah 5). While some people will wince at these statements, it can be factually proven.

The account of Babylon the Great City in Revelation—this the last-day manifestation of ancient Tyre—may sound out of date, talking about commodities such as myrrh and frankincense … items that are hardly the staple of today’s global trade. That may be true. However, these and 25 other commercial terms mentioned (including iron, bronze and wood) all are still in use today. We would not expect the Apostle John to have specifically mentioned cargoes of computer chips or flat-screen TVs.

Also mentioned is that that Endtime Babylon’s trade would be carried in ships. Even in this day of motorized transportation and transcontinental airplanes, the reader may be surprised to know that sea trade (marine shipping) is still by far the most prominent form of the transportation of goods in the world today. Ships remain the very backbone of the world’s trading system. Well over 90% of all global trade in goods is still carried in the hull of ocean-going ships.

The pictures provided of Babylon the Great in Revelation 18 are hardly out of date. When that day of Babylon the Great’s judgment comes in full fulfillment, indeed, “Every sea captain, and all who travel by ship, the sailors, and all who earn their living from the sea, will stand far off” (verse 17) as they watch its destruction. “‘Woe! Woe, O great city, where all who had ships on the sea became rich through her wealth!’” (verse 19).

Points to Ponder

Reviewing the evidence, readers may already conclude that Babylon the Great City—a world spanning commercial system—is in her prime today. Indeed, such a system is already evident in our times. However, we cannot say that Bible prophecy is completely fulfilled. One reason is that the Tribulation period has not yet started.

Revelation 18:23 says that Babylon the Great will lead “all the nations… astray” with her magic spell. It is an observation that should immediately put Christians on guard. Could the magic spell of this endtime financial manifesto be leading Christians off the narrow path as well? Are we steering our lives to the siren call of the luxuries and false wealth of this idolatrous endtime commercial system?

These are serious questions, because a very dire warning is given. The Lord’s people are admonished to come out of her so that they “will not share in her sins … for her sins are piled up to the heavens” (verses 4-5). Even though the Church will have been raptured away before the great catastrophic collapse of this endtime commercial system occurs, we will still be held accountable for our complicity and the participation of our hearts while this system took form and became world-dominating. Whether or not the interpretation of Babylon the Great presented here is correct, the warning it presents to Christians today surely remains relevant.

Scripture many times reaffirms the fact that it is God alone that raises and tears down. As soon as man claims his prosperity and might are the result of his own acumen and power, destruction soon follows. Moses spoke of this principle during his last admonishments to Israel before they went into Canaan under Joshua’s leadership:

“You may say to yourself, ‘My power and the strength of my hands have produced this wealth for me.’ But remember the LORD your God, for it is he who gives you the ability to produce wealth, and so confirms his covenant, which he swore to your forefathers, as it is today. If you ever forget the LORD your God and follow other gods and worship and bow down to them, I testify against you today that you will surely be destroyed” (Deuteronomy 8:17-19).

Another example of man’s conceited folly is found in Nebuchadnezzar. He boasted, “Is not this the great Babylon I have built as the royal residence, by my mighty power and for the glory of my majesty?” (Daniel 4:30). He said this as he viewed the peak of splendor of his kingdom from his illustrious balcony. No sooner had the words come out that God struck him down immediately with a mental illness for a period of seven years. A similar condition will apply for the world in the seven-year Tribulation period.

The King of Tyre betrayed the same self-reliant attitude. “‘In the pride of your heart you say, ‘I am a god; I sit on the throne of a god in the heart of the seas’” (Ezekiel 28:2). We see here again that the spirit behind Babylon is the same as the one behind the commercial colossus of Tyre (Ezekiel 28:12-19). We also see this spirit run rampant across the last-day world in Revelation 18, where it speaks of Babylon the Great in commercial terms. It is infused with the same attitude: “I sit as queen; I am not a widow, and I will never mourn” (Revelation 18:7).

Destruction will be sudden and swift when it comes. “Fallen, Fallen is Babylon the Great” (Revelation 18:2). Her doom comes in one hour.

The world is indeed shaking and tremoring.  Financial markets are manic and volatile. The world’s economic and trading systems groan with imbalances and high risks. It is not unreasonable to conclude that the time of judgment cannot be far off. The Day of the Lord approaches ever nearer!

About the Author: Wilfred J. Hahn is a global economist/strategist. Formerly a top-ranked global analyst, research director for a major Wall Street investment bank, and head of Canada’s largest global investment operation, his writings focus on the endtime roles of money, economics and globalization. He has been quoted around the world and his writings reproduced in numerous other publications and languages. You can contact him at staff@eternalvalue.com.

 

 

We continue with Part II of our quest for the identity of Babylon the Great, which is mentioned in Revelation 14, 15, 17, and 18. Convincingly, what is being described in these chapters is an entity of some type that is hyper-commercialized and with global reach. In Part I, we agreed that the descriptions of Babylon the “great city” showed a vague “mishmash” of characteristics. However, this was deliberately so, according to the “testimony of Jesus [which] is the spirit of prophecy” (Revelation 19:10 KJV). After all, the entire Bible—every jot and tittle (Matthew 5:18)—is inspired and will not fall to the ground before it is fulfilled. The descriptions of Babylon the Great represent the outworking of an endtime economic/monetary colossus that envelops the nations, its humanistic philosophies and power structures of the world.

Not only is Babylon the “great city” active in global trade, but also it is shown as the nexus point for the wealth and riches of the world. A massive global wealth imbalance is another characteristic of this endtime regime. In fact, this condition aligns with the statements of James. Not only is a last-day wealth imbalance prophesied by James (James 5:1-6), this condition must be a deductive conclusion of Revelation 18:19. To be “rich” is a relative concept. Therefore, if the “merchants” are said to be the world’s wealthy people, then by definition the rest of the world’s population must be relatively poor.

 

Who Is Babylon the Great?

Many Bible scholars have debated the identity of “Babylon the Great” over the past two millennia. What is it … who is it? There have been many opinions (perhaps tens of thousands). Some have been convinced that it is the Roman Catholic Church (perhaps more narrowly focusing on the descriptions of “Mystery, Babylon the Great, the Mother of Harlots and Abominations of the Earth”: Revelation 17:5).

Others make the case that this Babylon connects with a literal and physical revival of the ancient city of Babylon, at its original site found today in the country of Iraq. We are more inclined to interpret that it is the “spirit of ancient Babylon” (as also the spirit of ancient Tyre) that inhabits the final global financial/religious colossus. Unsurprisingly, many commercial concepts used in the modern world today have their roots in ancient Babylon (this being Babylonia, then later in the period of Neo-Babylonia) … for example, mutual funds and financial contracts. According to the findings of Assyriologists (archaeologists that focus on the Middle East), Babylon was a hyper-commercialized city. More that 90% of the clay tablets that have been uncovered were finance and trading records.

The name “Babylon” appears six times in Revelation, four of these in chapters 17 and 18. It would only be understandable to assume that all of these instances refer to the same identity of Babylon. Yet, each one of the times that Babylon the “great city” is mentioned in these two chapters, a different aspect of this mishmash of trade, idolatry and false religion is shown. Some statements refer to the spirit of Mammon. Some, just to the religious manifestations of the great whore; others to the economic and financial system (commerce and trading).

In essence, what is represented in the 17^th and 18^th chapters of Revelation is the “adulterous” fusing of Mammon and Apostate Religion. The great final “ecumenicism” of Mammon and worship of a god occurs. Since God cannot be worshiped alongside Money (Mammon), this endtime manifestation (even appearing to have a form of godliness; see 2 Timothy 3:5) well suits those “[…] of corrupt mind, who have been robbed of the truth and who think that godliness is a means to financial gain” (1 Timothy 6:5).

Christ said that one cannot serve both God and Mammon (Matthew 6:24). Satan, however, has promoted a different idea. Why not do both—worship God and Money at the same time? Many so-called churches today teach exactly that. You can have your best life now on earth; you can pursue financial success and be godly at the same time; that the Bible is a “how to” book to become prosperous. Such teachings are a big spiritual mishmash.

It is appropriate to again emphasize a key distinction applying to the use of the name Babylon (whether Babylon the Great or shortened to just Babylon). The term is never used alone in the entire book of Revelation. Rather, it is repeatedly—8 times!—called a “great city.” It is never, never called simply a “city.” No, it is always referred to as a “great city” (with one exception, when it is additionally said to be a “mighty city”: Revelation 18:10). This is significant.

Pursuing the grammatical historical approach to the interpretation of Scripture, we can allow that expressions thought to be common today may have had no counterpart thousands of years ago. For example, just how might a prophet of that ancient time have attempted to prophesy about the future emergence of the “smartphone”? This would have been nearly impossible in the vocabulary of that day. One can only imagine how the ancient mind would have described this invention. Most certainly, its modern name would not have been used.

A similar case can be made for the word “system.” We understand this term easily today, commonly referring to a monetary system, a global trading system, the economic system, and in many other applications. Thousands of years ago, there was no concept of a system as we understand it today. The closest concept of an organization that could be most like a system was a city.

The Bible, therefore, may be expressing the notion of an economic system as a type of “city.” As such, the phrase “great city” could be used to describe a much larger system … perhaps a global system spanning the world. If so, then in fact, Babylon the “great city” depicts the global hyper-commercialism that has developed over the past decades and centuries.

Could Babylon the Great then be identified as a commercial colossus—a humanistic, materialistic, self-confidence system of commercialism? We are inclined to take this view. Why? For one, no other Scriptures in the Bible would nullify this position. Rather, quite the opposite in our perspective; there are many other confirmations and alignments in the Bible, pointing to the occurrence of a crass materialism and imbalanced wealth skew engulfing the world in the last days.

Some important confirmations are found in Zechariah, Isaiah, James, and in some of the prophecies concerning Tyre. We will review a few of these.

As an example, consider the Lord’s word spoken through Isaiah. He speaks of the various conditions of the world at the time of the “day of the Lord,” the term he uses for the last days (likely, meaning the entire seven-year period of the Tribulation).

In the prophecies of Isaiah 24:1-3, we notice a heavy emphasis upon commercial activities. “See, the LORD is going to lay waste the earth and devastate it; he will ruin its face and scatter its inhabitants—it will be the same for priest as for people, for master as for servant, for mistress as for maid, for seller as for buyer, for borrower as for lender, for debtor as for creditor. The earth will be completely laid waste and totally plundered. The LORD has spoken this word.”

One-half of the twelve-named earth’s “inhabitants” in these verses, representing the people living at that future time—i.e. the time of the “day of the Lord”—are directly involved in economic or financial activity. Specifically identified in this way are sellers, buyers, borrowers, lenders, debtors and creditors.

That is a very high concentration of “money” occupations. Were today’s labor force in North America to be that highly concentrated in such activities, we would witness five times the number of people working in the FIRE sector (Finance, Investment and Real Estate) today.

It also is not a coincidence (after all, there are no coincidences found in the Bible) that the subject of debt is mentioned four times in one form or another in this passage. A creditor is the same as a lender; a borrower the same as a debtor. It would therefore not be surprising to discover that a debt-based financial and economic system might play a prominent role during the last days. While this passage does not provide conclusive evidence of this last statement, it certainly offers a compelling mirroring of the prophecies about Babylon, the Great City and Tyre.

 

Points to Ponder

Revealingly, the Bible says that the “merchants were the world’s great men” (Revelation 18:23) during the time of Babylon the Great City.

Just what societies down through history have considered “merchants” the world’s great men? This confirms an interesting phenomenon of the last-days era upon earth. The world’s greatest men are no longer kings, philosophers, priests or political leaders. Here they are now shown to be merchants … business people, in other words.

When has this ever been true in human history—at least on a global scale? Generally, down through history, philosophers and religious heads have been considered the most accomplished and important of men. Commerce was regarded as a lower caste activity … something earthly and not heavenly. Many cultures actually despised the merchant classes. The pursuit of truth and virtue was held as the highest calling in these religious cultures. Yet, in this endtime system, it is merchants who are the heroes and great men of the world.

Why would being a successful businessperson offer a candidacy for the status of world-class greatness? Obviously, a globalized economic and financial system must have emerged during the last days. If this were not so, merchants could not be the world’s “great men.” Today, the leaders of this commercial economic system accumulate enormous luxuries, are given high visibility, and are honored and idolized. In our media-saturated times today, the rich (these being mainly business people … traders and sellers, therefore) are highly venerated. Everyone knows of Jeff Bezos, Bill Gates … and so on.

The adulation that the world and its news media pour out on the world’s business titans today surely fits this image. In fact, we would make the case that the entity Babylon the Great City is already here today. It is a “system”—Babylon being the spiritual name for that expression and not a specific city (though a city could certainly represent this system’s center).

There were indeed times and situations where merchants were highly influential. The Bible mentions Tyre and Assyria as great traders. For example, it describes a major seaport city “whose merchants are princes, whose traders are renowned in the earth” (Isaiah 23:8).

We see that possessions are the rewards of the elites conspiring with the Antichrist. He (the Antichrist) “[…] will greatly honor those who acknowledge him. He will make them rulers over many people and will distribute the land at a price” (Daniel 11:39).

Here we find a possible parallel or connection to the wealthy elites that are mentioned in Revelation 18. This may not be surprising, as there are many links between the books of Daniel and Revelation.

In the list of the twenty-eight commodities or “costly gifts” mentioned in Revelation 18, the first three mentioned are gold, silver, and precious stones. These are the very same three—even in the same order—mentioned in Daniel 11:38. There, Daniel tell us that the last world regime (headed by the Antichrist) and its rulers will honor a god unknown to his fathers—the “unknown god”—with “gold and silver, with precious stones and costly gifts.” Nowhere else in the Bible are these same precious metals and jewels mentioned together, let alone in the same order. This is likely not a coincidence.

Readers may recall earlier columns discussing the possible evidence for the identity of this “unknown god.” A conclusion we had offered was that the “unknown” god was the false idol represented by the collective faith of mankind in modern day economic and financial systems—a god we dubbed MOFI (monetary/financial).

Looking ahead to Part III of this series, did you know that a large number of prophecies—a total of twenty-one, as many as ten of these yet to be fulfilled in the future—refer to Tyre and its Phoenician trading sisters in the Old Testament? Why should this city receive such emphasis? Interestingly, the accounts and future prophecies of Tyre given by Ezekiel and Isaiah bear a strong likeness to the last-day emerging of Babylon, the Great City.

In the next issue, we will examine whether the prophesied return of Tyre to the world stage is the same manifestation as Babylon, the Great City depicted in Revelation.

About the Author: Wilfred J. Hahn is a global economist/strategist. Formerly a top-ranked global analyst, research director for a major Wall Street investment bank, and head of Canada’s largest global investment operation, his writings focus on the endtime roles of money, economics and globalization. He has been quoted around the world and his writings reproduced in numerous other publications and languages. You can contact him at staff@eternalvalue.com.